The Supreme Court has held that a formal written demand by a workman to the employer is not a sine qua non (an essential condition) for the existence of an industrial dispute under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (ID Act), particularly when the appropriate government is of the opinion that a dispute is “apprehended.” The
Formal Demand Notice Not a Sine Qua Non for Referring ‘Apprehended’ Industrial Disputes; Sham Contract Allegations Must Be Adjudicated: Supreme Court
