The Supreme Court of India, in a judgment delivered on October 31, 2025, has explained that full-time salaried “In-house counsel” of a corporate entity are not “Advocates” for the purpose of claiming advocate-client privilege under Section 132 of the Bhartiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA). A three-judge bench comprising Chief Justice B. R. Gavai, Justice K.
Are In-House Lawyers “Advocates”? Supreme Court Explains
